A standardized speech sound assessment for iPad, for SLPs who evaluate Spanish–English bilingual children. Test one language or both, mark errors as you go, and get standard scores, a full error analysis and a report as soon as you finish.
iPad · iPadOS 15.6 or later · Spanish and English tests · Standard scores for ages 3;0–10;11
![BAPA Plus test screen: the English word zebra with its transcription; the /z/ is marked as produced [s]](https://www.smartyearsapps.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/bap-shot-item.webp)
A child who speaks Spanish at home and English at school is referred for speech. Is it a speech sound disorder, or English shaped by Spanish? BAPA Plus tests the sounds of both languages so you can tell the difference.
Spanish–English bilingual children, assessed in both languages, with English scored on norms from bilingual children.
Monolingual Spanish speakers and monolingual English speakers too: test one language only.
Standard scores for eligibility conversations, and the error patterns behind them for goals and intervention.
BAPA Plus has 49 Spanish words and 62 English words. Most sounds are tested more than once in each word position, consonant clusters are included, and the last words of each language are longer multisyllabic words, scored as whole words.
As you mark errors, BAPA Plus analyzes them by:
Error types include substitutions, distortions, deletions (initial, medial, final) and phonological processes such as cluster reduction, sequence reduction, fronting, backing, stopping, gliding, devoicing, assimilation, deaffrication, vocalization and syllable reduction.

The BAPA manual reports nine to twenty minutes for the full assessment. Real screens from the 2026 version of the app.

Name, date of birth, the language the child is exposed to or speaks (Spanish, English or Both) and any dialectal influence.

For a bilingual child, pick which language to test first. After 8 words, BAPA Plus asks whether to keep going in that language.
![Test screen for the English word zebra, with the transcription s i br ə above the picture: the first sound marked in orange as [s] for /z/](https://www.smartyearsapps.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/10/bap-shot-item.webp)
The target sounds are in green above the picture. Tap a sound only when it is produced in error; correct sounds need no tap. A recorded model of each word is one tap away.

Substitution, distortion or deletion, plus the processes that fit that sound in that word, such as gliding, fronting, stopping or cluster reduction.

For a substitution, tap the sound the child said on the IPA grid. Notes and audio recordings (per word or the whole session) are optional.

Finish with an overall intelligibility rating. Raw score, standard score, confidence interval and percentile appear for each language.
Two fictional children, assessed in both languages in the app. The scores and patterns tell different stories.

5;6 · Spanish at home, English at school · kindergarten
| Spanish | English | |
|---|---|---|
| Standard score | 110 | 93 |
| Percentile | 50th | 25th |
Her English errors follow Spanish: /v/→[b], /θ/→[t], /ð/→[d] and /z/→[s], consistently. Her Spanish is age-appropriate, and on the bilingual English norms her English is within normal limits too.
The SLP's recommendation: no therapy; share the transfer patterns with her teacher and monitor.

4;9 · simultaneous bilingual, Spanish and English from birth
| English | Spanish | |
|---|---|---|
| Standard score | 68 | 70 |
| Percentile | <5th | <5th |
The same processes show up in both languages: final consonant deletion, cluster reduction and velar fronting. Intelligibility is about 50%.
The SLP's recommendation: speech therapy in both languages targeting those three processes.
Demo data: fictional students created for these screenshots. Error patterns were chosen to be typical of each scenario.
Results open as soon as you rate intelligibility. Share the report by e-mail (PDF or HTML), print it, open it in another app, or export it to the Therapy Report Center app.



As reported in the BAPA manual.
Spanish: one set of norms for monolingual Spanish and bilingual children together, because their results did not differ significantly. The manual cites research that found the same, including Fabiano-Smith & Goldstein (2010) and Goldstein, Fabiano & Washington (2005).
English: two sets of norms, one for children from English-only environments and one for bilingual children, because the bilingual children's English differed from monolingual English speakers'.
Language groups were assigned from parent reports of the languages used at home, daily exposure and the child's understanding and speaking in each language, and from whether the child could name the first test items.
Sensitivity and specificity, from the normative sample plus 86 more children, at three standard-score cut points.
| Group | −1 SDSS 85 | −1.5 SDSS 77 | −2 SDSS 70 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Spanish | .94 / .90 | .72 / .92 | .56 / .95 |
| Bilingual English | .92 / .87 | .92 / .93 | .77 / .96 |
Sensitivity / specificity, as reported in the BAPA manual.
BAPA's authors are Barbara Fernandes, M.S., CCC-SLP (Smarty Ears), and Ellen Stubbe Kester, Ph.D., CCC-SLP, Mary Bauman, M.S., CCC-SLP, and Scott Prath, M.A., CCC-SLP. Ellen Kester and Scott Prath are of Bilinguistics, the bilingual speech-language practice in Austin, Texas.
BAPA has been used in university research and presented at ASHA, including giving it by telepractice: a 2019 ASHA Convention poster on administering BAPA via telepractice to a child with autism (Garza, Resendiz, Gonzales & Rojas; described in this TSHA article), and a 2020 Texas State University honors thesis, “Caution: BAPA in Progress” (Garza). These studies used BAPA; they did not evaluate its norms.
Choose Spanish, English or Both for each student. With Both, pick which language comes first. After 8 words, BAPA Plus asks whether the child is doing well enough to continue; if not, it moves to the other language and the report says so.
Record dialectal influences: Argentina, Chile, Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Spain, Uruguay or Venezuela. They are not scored. For Spain, Cuba, Puerto Rico, Argentina and Uruguay the report lists the dialect features to consider before calling a production an error.
A near-native proficiency in Spanish is needed to give the Spanish portion, the BAPA manual advises, so that synonyms and dialect variants are recognized.
It's a much needed tool, since there isn't many bilingual or Spanish articulation assessments out there.
Busy Bee Speech (blog review, 2013)
I really like it for comparing Spanish vs English artic skills.
Busy Bee Speech (blog review, 2013)
It yields lots of great data about both Spanish and English articulation skills.
Busy Bee Speech (blog review, 2013)
Quoted from App Review: Bilingual Articulation & Phonology Assessment (BAPA), Busy Bee Speech, October 3, 2013, a review of an earlier version of the app.
free assessments on every iPad. One assessment is one start, and a two-language assessment counts as one.
Unlimited assessments for unlimited children. Renews every year until you cancel.
Unlimited assessments. Renews every month until you cancel.
No subscription. The tests never expire and stay on the iPad that bought them.
U.S. App Store prices on October 21, 2026, bought in the app through Apple. Your students, results and reports stay available if a subscription ends. See the questions below for cancelling, more than one iPad, and districts.

BAPA Plus answers the bilingual question. Two more Smarty Ears tools cover the English articulation detail and the therapy that follows.
Need the full English picture?




| BAPA Plus | AAT Plus | |
|---|---|---|
| Languages | Spanish and English | English; record the student's English dialect (12 options) |
| Scores | Standardized, bilingual norms, ages 3;0–10;11 | Criterion-referenced, with a developmental sound profile |
| Best for | Difference or disorder in a Spanish–English bilingual child | A full English assessment, quick consonant, /r/ and sentence screeners, stimulability, and PDF reports |
Many SLPs use both: BAPA Plus for the bilingual decision, AAT Plus for in-depth English analysis and therapy targets.
AAT Plus is a free download. In-app purchases, bought in the app through Apple: 5 tests $5.99, Monthly Unlimited Testing $5.99, Yearly Unlimited Tests $37.99 (U.S. App Store, October 21, 2026).
Assess with BAPA Plus → then treat in Spanish and English with Smarty Ears Online
More than 6,000 Spanish items for language, vocabulary, reading and social skills, plus 353 Spanish articulation words.
353 Spanish words, each with a phrase, a sentence and a question and their recordings, sorted by sound and word position, including the tap and trill /r/, blends and ñ. Plus a Spanish sound chart by age (3–6).






Spanish articulation, 353 words
2,864 Spanish items
834 Spanish items
1,273 Spanish items
1,341 Spanish items
59 Spanish items
Smarty Ears Online is a separate product with its own subscription. Spanish item counts as of October 2026.
BAPA Plus is a free download. Every iPad starts with 3 free assessments. After that, choose one of three in-app purchases, sold by Apple through the App Store:
Prices are the U.S. App Store prices on October 21, 2026; Apple shows your local price before you buy. One assessment is one tap on Start Assessment, and a two-language (Spanish and English) assessment counts as one.
Subscriptions are managed by Apple, not by Smarty Ears. On your iPad, open Settings > your name > Subscriptions, tap BAPA Plus and tap Cancel Subscription (Apple's steps). As the purchase screen in the app explains, a subscription renews unless auto-renew is turned off at least 24 hours before the end of the current period. Refund requests also go to Apple, at reportaproblem.apple.com.
There is no Smarty Ears account or login in BAPA Plus. Your subscription belongs to the Apple Account that bought it. To use it on another iPad, sign in to the App Store with that same Apple Account, open BAPA Plus and tap Info > Purchasing Center > Restore Purchase. Apple allows up to 10 devices per Apple Account for purchases (Apple).
Two things stay on the iPad where they started: the 3 free assessments and any 5-test packs. A 5-test pack is a one-time (consumable) purchase, so Restore Purchase cannot move it to another iPad.
All BAPA Plus purchases go through Apple, inside the app. Smarty Ears does not sell BAPA Plus directly, so there are no invoices, purchase orders, offer codes or team licenses.
Need to request funding? Our funding letter builder can help.
Select a student and tap New Assessment. Without a subscription, the top-right corner shows how many tests are left (for example, 3 Tests Left), and when none are left the button reads Buy Test. With an active subscription, a star badge replaces the count and the button always reads Start Assessment. If you subscribed and still see a count, make sure the iPad is signed in to the App Store with the Apple Account that subscribed, then tap Info > Purchasing Center > Restore Purchase.
They stay. Students, completed assessments, results and reports remain in the app, and you can still open, print and share them. Only starting a new assessment needs a subscription or tests left.
Student data is kept in the app on your iPad. BAPA Plus has no Smarty Ears account or cloud sync, so keep copies of the reports you need by e-mailing, printing or saving them as PDF.
The BAPA manual reports nine to twenty minutes for the full assessment, depending on the child's attention, how often the recorded word models are used, the examiner's familiarity with BAPA and whether you record the session.
Standard scores and percentiles are available for ages 3;0 to 10;11, the ages of the normative sample. For a child outside that range, the app shows Out of Age Range for the standard score, and all the qualitative analysis (by sound, position, manner, voicing, word and error type) is still available.
Either language, or both. When you add a student, choose the language they are exposed to or speak: Spanish, English or Both. For a bilingual child you pick which language to test first. After the first 8 words, BAPA Plus asks whether the child is doing well enough to continue in that language; if not, it moves to the other language, and the report notes that testing in that language was stopped.
You can also note dialectal influences (for example Mexico, Puerto Rico, Cuba, Spain or Argentina). They are not scored. For some dialects the report adds the dialect features to consider before calling a production an error.
Researchers at Texas State University have reported giving BAPA by telepractice: monthly to a child in an international telepractice program (Garza & Resendiz, TSHA), and to three clients in El Salvador and Guatemala in an honors thesis (Garza, 2020). The BAPA manual does not report norms for remote administration, so weigh standard scores from a remote session with your clinical judgment.
Any iPad with iPadOS 15.6 or later. BAPA Plus is an iPad app; it is not available for iPhone or Android.
Yes. As reported in the BAPA manual, BAPA was standardized on 438 children ages 3;0 to 10;11 in Central Texas, with three sets of norms: English Only, Bilingual English, and Spanish (monolingual and bilingual children together).
The raw score is the number of target sounds produced correctly. BAPA Plus converts it, for the child's age, into a standard score (mean 100, standard deviation 15), a percentile and a 90% or 95% confidence interval (you choose which in Settings). Spanish is scored on the Spanish norms. English is scored on the Bilingual English norms when the child is assessed in both languages, and on the English Only norms when only English is given.
All the children lived in Central Texas. Mexican Spanish was the dialect reported for 95% of the Spanish speakers, and 90% of the children in the bilingual and Spanish groups attended dual-language programs, learning to read and write in both languages. Children were assigned to language groups from parent reports of language use at home, daily exposure and the child's proficiency in each language, and from whether the child could name the first test items.
If the child you are assessing is from a different background, for example a Caribbean or Central American dialect, a newcomer with little English, or a child not in a dual-language program, the norms describe them less closely. Use the standard score together with the dialect notes, the error patterns, a speech sample and other evidence, as best practice recommends for any single test score.
Yes, as a measure in university work, including a poster at the 2019 ASHA Convention on giving BAPA by telepractice to a child with autism (Garza, Resendiz, Gonzales & Rojas, described in this TSHA article) and a 2020 Texas State University honors thesis on using BAPA during telepractice (Garza, 2020). These studies used BAPA; they are not studies of its norms.
No. BAPA Plus is only available as an iPad app from the App Store. A Smarty Ears Online subscription does not include BAPA Plus, and a BAPA Plus subscription does not include Smarty Ears Online. They are separate products with separate subscriptions.
E-mail [email protected]. In the app, Info also opens the manual, a video tutorial and a Contact Us e-mail.
Free to download, with 3 free assessments. Spanish and English, standard scores on bilingual norms, a full error analysis and an automatic report. Requires iPadOS 15.6 or later.
Download on theApp Store · Free